What equipment is required for RVSM?

In the context of Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) operations, having two independent altimetry systems is essential. This requirement stems from the need for accuracy and redundancy in altitude reporting, as RVSM allows aircraft to operate at separated altitudes of 1,000 feet between flight levels of 29,000 and 41,000 feet.

The two altimeters must function independently to ensure that if one fails or provides inaccurate data, the other can still provide reliable altitude information. In addition, the aircraft's altitude must be monitored closely to maintain the safety of flight operations within RVSM airspace, where precise altitude management is critical to avoid potential airspace conflicts with other aircraft operating at similar altitudes.

The other choices, while relevant to navigation and aircraft operations, do not directly address the specific equipment requirements necessary to comply with RVSM regulations.